Introduction
Imagine you’re at a grocery store, and you have different types of items in your cart:
- Apples (whole numbers, like 5 apples)
- Milk (a decimal quantity, like 1.5 liters)
- A note that says "Buy eggs" (text)
- A reminder that you already bought bread (True or False)
Just like that, Python has different data types to store different kinds of values!
Integer (Whole Numbers)
An integer (or int) is a whole number—no decimals, no fractions, just pure, solid numbers.
Example:
age = 25
apples = 10
print(type(age)) # Output: <class 'int'>
Integer values can be positive, negative, or even zero!
score = -50 # Negative integer
count = 0 # Zero is also an integer!
Float (Decimal Numbers)
A float (or float) is a number that has decimals. Think of it as the fancy cousin of int who likes precision.
Example:
price = 19.99
pi = 3.14159
print(type(price)) # Output: <class 'float'>
Floats are useful when you need precision, like measuring weight or calculating scientific formulas.
temperature = -2.5 # Yes, it can be negative!
height = 180.5 # A person’s height
String (Text & Characters)
A string (or str) is just text inside quotes. You can use either single (') or double (") quotes.
Example:
name = "Alice"
greeting = 'Hello, world!'
print(type(name)) # Output: <class 'str'>
Strings can hold anything from names, messages, to even entire books!
sentence = "Python is fun!"
quote = 'Life is short, use Python!'
You can even combine strings using concatenation:
first_name = "John"
last_name = "Doe"
full_name = first_name + " " + last_name
print(full_name) # Output: John Doe
Boolean (True or False)
A boolean (or bool) is like a light switch—only two options: True or False.
Example:
is_python_fun = True
is_sky_green = False
print(type(is_python_fun)) # Output: <class 'bool'>
Booleans are useful in decision-making (like checking if a user is logged in).
logged_in = True
if logged_in:
print("Welcome back!")
else:
print("Please log in.")
Conclusion
Python’s basic data types are simple but powerful:
- Integers (
int) – Whole numbers (e.g.,5,-10) - Floats (
float) – Decimal numbers (e.g.,3.14,-2.5) - Strings (
str) – Text data (e.g.,"Hello",'Python') - Booleans (
bool) – True/False values (e.g.,True,False)
With these, you can start writing awesome Python programs!
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