Introduction
Python keeps evolving, just like your favorite video game getting updates! Every version introduces cooler, faster, and more efficient ways to write code. Let’s explore some of the modern Python features that make coding more fun and less of a headache!
f-strings (Formatted Strings)
Tired of clunky string formatting with % or .format()? Say hello to f-strings (Python 3.6+)!
Old way (boring):
name = "Alice"
age = 25
print("Hello, my name is {} and I am {} years old.".format(name, age))
f-string (cool & easy):
print(f"Hello, my name is {name} and I am {age} years old.")
Cleaner, faster, and more readable!
Walrus Operator := (Assignment Expressions)
Ever wanted to assign a variable inside an expression? Python 3.8 introduced the walrus operator (:=) to do just that!
Without walrus:
text = input("Enter something: ")
if len(text) > 10:
print("That's a long string!")
With walrus:
if (text := input("Enter something: ")) and len(text) > 10:
print("That's a long string!")
Saves space, improves readability, and looks awesome!
Type Hinting
Python is dynamically typed, but type hints (Python 3.5+) make your code easier to understand and debug!
Without type hints:
def add_numbers(a, b):
return a + b
With type hints:
def add_numbers(a: int, b: int) -> int:
return a + b
Type hints don’t enforce types, but they help you and others understand the code better!
The Match Statement (Python 3.10+)
Python’s match statement is like switch-case in other languages, but way more powerful!
Example:
def check_status(code):
match code:
case 200:
return "OK"
case 404:
return "Not Found"
case 500:
return "Server Error"
case _:
return "Unknown Status"
Readable, structured, and efficient!
Dictionary Merging with |= (Python 3.9+)
Tired of merging dictionaries the old way? Now it’s super easy!
Old way:
dict1 = {"a": 1, "b": 2}
dict2 = {"b": 3, "c": 4}
dict1.update(dict2)
New way:
dict1 |= dict2 # Boom! Done.
Cleaner and faster dictionary merging!
Fun Challenge
Try using f-strings, walrus operators, and match statements together in one program!
def check_temperature():
if (temp := int(input("Enter the temperature: "))) > 30:
print(f"It's {temp}°C! Too hot!")
elif temp < 10:
print(f"It's {temp}°C! Too cold!")
else:
print(f"It's {temp}°C! Just right!")
check_temperature()
Now you’re a modern Python master!
Summary
f-strings - The best way to format strings! Walrus Operator (:=) - Assign values inside expressions! Type Hinting - Make your code clearer and easier to debug! Match Statement - A smarter switch for Python! Dictionary Merging (|=) - Merge dictionaries effortlessly!
Keep your Python skills modern and powerful!
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